Andalucia

Andalucia - Brigitte Hintzen-Bohlen

Andalusia (Spanish: Andalucía, from Al-Andalus, originally from the Vandalist tribe) - the most populated and the second in terms of area autonomous community located in southern Spain, covers the greater part of the historical region of the same name and mountain range in the north of Sierra Morena. It borders on the north with Extremadura and Castilla-La Mancha, on the east with Murcia and on the west with Portugal. It is an agro-industrial region with developed mining, olive growing, cotton, cork oak, citrus, date palms. The capital of Andalusia is Seville. The most important cities are Grenada, Cordoba and Malaga. Andalusia is the homeland of flamenco dance. There is the highest Sierra Nevada mountain range in mainland Spain.

Carthaginians and Romans With the collapse of Phoenician cities, Carthage dominated the western Mediterranean and became the most important trading partner for small Semitic towns along the Andalusian coast. Between the first and the second Punic war, Carthage increased her control beyond Andalusia and annexed all of Iberia with the exception of the Basque Country. Andalusia was the main battlefield where the battles against Rome led by Barkid Hannibal were fought. When the Romans defeated the Carthaginians and conquered Andalusia, the region was renamed Baetica. Vandals and Visigoths In the 5th century, e.e. The vandals quickly moved around this area before settling in North Africa, then the region fell into the hands of the Kingdom of Visigoths, which had to face the Byzantine influence in this area. Muslim period The conquests of the Umayyad Caliphate in 711-718 marked the collapse of the Visigothic government in the Iberian Peninsula. Tariq bin Ziyad known in Spanish history and legends as Tariq El Tuerto (Tariq Oneooki) was a Muslim of African descent and a general who commanded Caliph Al-Walid to conquer Spain Visigoths in 711. An expert on the history of Ibn Khaldoun claimed that Tariq Ibn Ziyad came from an Algerian tribe of barbarians. He is considered one of the most important military leaders in Iberian history. Initially, he was the deputy of Musa ibn Nusaira in North Africa and was sent by his superior to launch the first attack on the Kingdom of Spain (which included the new Spain and Portugal). Certain claims provoked him to intervene against the heirs of the Kingdom of Visigoths, Vittigo and the Visigoth Civil War.