Before the sterile-male technique is applied for the eradication or control of a noxious insect. the practical ecology of the species must be well understood. Examples of essential data include: the distance the insects will fly. the rate of population increase during various times of the year and under various climatic conditions, realistic estimates of total populations in a given area, and a thorough knowledge of wild and cultivated hosts. The panel on Insect Ecology as Related to Control of Noxious Insects by the Sterile-Male Technique, held on 7-11 August 1967, was the first insect ecology meeting arranged by the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Atomic Energy in Food and Agriculture. The present publication contains the papers and recommendations of the panel. It is hoped that these will be of value to scientists working on the practical application of the sterile-male technique.